The Fascinating History and Traditions of Chhath Puja

Let's explore the rich traditions and deep-rooted customs of Chhath Puja, a traditional Hindu festival celebrated in various parts of India and Nepal. Originating in regions like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, and parts of Nepal, Chhath Puja is a time-honored celebration filled with devotion and joy. In this blog, we'll delve into the importance, history, and intricate elements of this sacred festival.

Significance of Chhath Puja:

Chhath Puja revolves around honoring the Sun God, Surya, who is at the heart of this festival. People express their thankfulness to Surya for giving life to our planet and for feeding all creatures. Unlike some newer festivals, Chhath Puja is closely linked with worshiping nature. It represents an everlasting bond between people and the world around them. This festival shows how ancient Vedic customs have been passed down through families over time with strong devotion.

History and Legends:

When we explore the history of Chhath Puja, we find captivating stories that reveal how it began. Legends tell us that its origins trace back to the ancient Vedic period, when wise sages practiced elaborate ceremonies and refrained from eating for several days. They chanted special prayers from the Rigveda to ask for the Sun God Surya's blessings. Many tales speak of notable figures such as Karna, who was Surya's son, and the Pandavas from the famous Mahabharata epic. They observed Chhath Puja to overcome challenges and request help from the divine.

A highly respected story tells of Chhath Puja being celebrated when Lord Rama and Sita returned to Ayodhya in the ancient tale of the Ramayana. Sita's participation in the puja, along with Rama's decision to fast, represents not just their respect for Surya but also the start of a new age of goodness and virtue. These stories create a beautiful picture of ancient beliefs and customs, showing how important Chhath Puja is in Indian traditions.

Details of Chhath Puja:

Chhath Puja takes place across four days filled with devotion and specific rituals, each day having its own special customs and traditions.

• Day 1: Nahay Khay (Holy Bath and Fast Commencement):  The festival starts with worshippers cleaning themselves and their surroundings to get ready for the upcoming days. They cook a traditional meal called Sattvik Lauka Bhaat and offer it to the deity as a sacred offering. This meal signals the start of the fast, a serious promise to abstain from certain activities made by those who believe.
  

• Day 2: Kharna (Fasting and Offering):  During this day, worshippers refrain from drinking water and instead eat a special meal consisting of gur ki kheer (a sweet made from jaggery) and roti (flatbread). This choice to avoid water and eat specific foods represents a form of self-control, symbolizing purification and a fresh start spiritually. It's a time when devotees strengthen their bond with the divine through their actions.
  

• Day 3: Sandhya Arghya (Evening Offerings):  As the evening approaches, worshippers assemble at riverbanks, ponds, or other water sources to pray and make offerings to the sun as it sets. In the joyful company of others, they sing hymns and share prasad (sacred food) as a way of expressing their thankfulness and dedication to Surya, the Sun God.
  

• Day 4: Usha Arghya (Morning Offerings and Conclusion):  The last day of Chhath Puja starts early in the morning, before sunrise, as worshippers present offerings to the ascending sun, asking for blessings for their families' happiness and success. Once the puja is finished, they end their fast by sharing prasad and celebrating together as a community united by their faith.
  

Rituals and Traditions:

Chhath Puja is rich in customs that have been handed down from one generation to another. Women frequently play a significant role as dedicated Parvaitins. These rituals are a way for people to connect with the divine and strengthen family ties. During Chhath Puja, worshippers pray for the well-being and success of their relatives. This festival isn't just about individual devotion; it's a time for communities to come together, celebrating unity and tradition.

Delicacies of Chhath Puja:

Every festival needs delicious food to delight everyone's palates, and Chhath Puja is no exception. It offers a delightful selection of traditional dishes, each carrying its own special meaning and prepared with skillful culinary artistry.

• Thekua:  One of the cherished offerings of Chhath Puja is Thekua, a sweet treat crafted from wheat flour, dried coconut, jaggery, and ghee. Making Thekua typically starts several days before the festival, showcasing the careful dedication of those who believe.
  

• Kaddu Bhaat:  This tasty dish includes bottle gourd cooked in ghee with Himalayan salt, served with either fried poori or rice. Its rich flavors remind us of the closeness of family ties and the abundance found in nature.
  

• Hara Chana:  One essential item found on the Chhath Puja plate is hara chana, also known as green chana. It's fried in ghee along with green chilies and cumin seeds, bringing a delightful explosion of taste to the celebratory meal.
  

• Rasiyaw (Rice Kheer) with Puri/Roti:  This luxurious dessert consists of rice kheer sweetened with jaggery, making it the ideal conclusion to the Chhath Puja meal. Accompanied by puri or roti, it represents the sweetness of blessings from the divine and the happiness found in coming together as a community to celebrate.
  

• Kesar ka Laddu:  These delicious laddus are crafted from ghee, fennel seeds, jaggery, and rice, creating a delightful combination of tastes and sensations. They capture the essence of celebration and plenty, symbolizing the joy and richness of festive occasions.
  

Celebration of Chhath Puja in India:

Chhath Puja is observed with unmatched passion and excitement all over India, particularly in regions such as Bihar, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh. From fasting and offering prayers to engaging in elaborate ceremonies and lively celebrations, the essence of Chhath Puja influences every part of daily life, bringing communities together in reverence and happiness.

In summary, Chhath Puja remains a timeless symbol of unwavering dedication, customs, and togetherness. When worshippers come together to honor the Sun God and give thanks for life's gifts, they strengthen their ties to nature and one another. These connections formed during the festival are deep and lasting, surpassing any boundaries of time or distance. Let the warmth of Surya's light fill our hearts and lead us towards goodness and unity. Wishing you a joyful Chhath Puja!